There are 5 main approaches when describing evolution of management
Classical Approach
There are 3 main categories of classical approach which are Scientific management, administrative theory, and bureaucratic management. Scientific management mainly concentrate on improving efficiency of workers through establishing standards and systematic observations. Administrative theory mainly concentrates on coordinating internal activities of the organization through division of work, authority and responsibility. Bureaucratic management shows work specialization, strict rules and regulations.
Behavioral Approach
Main focus of this approach is dealing with individual attitudes, behaviors and group processes of employees. Behavioral approach views the organization from an employee point of view.
Quantitative Approach
Quantitative approach includes application of statistics, optimization models and information models and tries to achieve organizational effectiveness through mathematical and statistical concepts.
Modern Approach
This approach emphasizes that organizational system has 4 major components as inputs, transformation process, outputs and feedback. Input refers to money, men, material, men, methods, machinery etc.Transformation process refers to managerial and technical abilities to convert inputs to outputs. Outputs refers to products services and profits, while feedback refers to orders and customer complaints.
Emerging Approach
This approach emphasizes on continuous improvement of products and services to achieve higher level of customer satisfaction.
